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The 25th Division (''25. Division''), officially the Grand Ducal Hessian (25th) Division (''Großherzoglich Hessische (25.) Division''), was a unit of the Prussian/German Army.〔From the late 1800s, the Prussian Army was effectively the German Army as, during the period of German unification (1866-1871), the states of the German Empire entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies and only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous.〕 It was headquartered in Darmstadt, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Hesse.〔Günter Wegner, ''Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939.'' (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, p.122; Claus von Bredow, bearb., ''Historische Rang- und Stammliste des deuschen Heeres'' (1905), p.777.〕 The division was subordinated in peacetime to XVIII Army Corps (''XVIII. Armeekorps'') when that corps was formed in 1899.〔Bredow, p. 737.〕 The division was disbanded in 1919, during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. As the formal name indicates, the division was raised and recruited in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. ==Evolution of the Grand Ducal Hessian Division== The Grand Ducal Hessian (25th) Division was officially formed on December 20, 1842 as the Infantry Division Command (''Infanterie-Divisions-Kommando''), but the division-strength Hessian Army had been around before that date. During the Napoleonic Wars, Hesse fielded a division-strength troop corps (''Truppenkorps''). In 1820, as part of the Hessian troop contribution to the German Confederation's Federal Army (''Bundesheer''), Hesse reorganized its army into two brigades of infantry, 1/2 company of horse artillery, two companies of foot artillery, one light horse regiment, one trains company and one sapper (later pioneer) company. This force was placed under the Infantry Division Command in 1842. On February 5, 1849, this force was redesignated the Grand Ducal Army Division (''Großherzogliche Armee-Division'').〔Bredow, pp.769-774〕 The organization of the Grand Ducal Army Division in 1858 was as follows:〔Bredow, p.772〕 *Army Division Staff *Guard NCO Company *General Quartermaster Staff with Pioneer Company *Guard Light Horse Regiment *Grand Ducal Artillery Corps *Two infantry brigades of two regiments of two battalions each (8 total battalions, each with 5 companies). In 1860, the cavalry was expanded to brigade strength.〔Bredow, p.773〕 In 1867, Hesse, on the losing side of the Austro-Prussian War, entered into a convention with Prussia on military matters and reorganized its division along Prussian lines. The division was redesignated the Grand Ducal Hessian (25th) Division.〔 It formally became a part of the Prussian Army in 1872, in accordance with the military convention of June 13, 1871.〔Bredow, p.776〕 The organization of the division at the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 was as follows: 〔A. Niemann, ''Der französische Feldzug 1870-1871'' (Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, Hildburghausen, 1871), p.43.〕 *49. Infanterie-Brigade * *Hessisches Leib-Garde-Regiment Nr. 1 * *Hessisches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 2 * *Hessisches Gardejäger-Bataillon Nr. 1 *50. Infanterie-Brigade * *Hessisches Leib-Regiment Nr. 3 * *Hessisches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 4 * *Hessisches Leibjäger-Bataillon Nr. 2 *Hessische 25. Kavallerie-Brigade * *Hessisches 1. Reiter-Regiment * *Hessisches 2. Reiter-Regiment 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「25th Division (German Empire)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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